know that optical isomerism is a result of chirality in molecules with a single chiral centre

Understand how racemic mixtures (racemates) are formed and why they are optically inactive.

Students should be able to: draw the structural formulas and displayed formulas of enantiomers.

A mixture of equal amounts of enantiomers is called a racemic mixture (racemate).

An asymmetric carbon atom is chiral and gives rise to optical isomers (enantiomers), which exist as non superimposable mirror images and differ in their effect on plane polarised light.

Optical isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism and occurs as a result of chirality in molecules, limited to molecules with a single chiral centre.

Apply the CIP priority rules to E and Z isomers.

Draw the structural formulas of E and Z isomers.

Draw the structures of chain, position and functional group isomers.

Students should be able to: define the term structural isomer.

Cahn–Ingold–Prelog (CIP) priority rules.

E–Z isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism and occurs as a result of restricted rotation about the planar carbon–carbon double bond.

RSC Yusuf Hamied Inspirational Science Programme.Introductory maths for higher education.The physics of restoration and conservation.

Khan academy analytical chemistry